Research & Education (6)
The latest evidence-based reporting in Research & Education (6).
Fully-referenced deep dives, written for practitioners and the science-curious.
Electrolyte Needs
The majority of athletes across various experience levels begin a workout in a state of hypohydration – defined as a water deficit caused by acute or chronic dehydration. Moreover, these athletes tend to replenish only two-thirds of the sweat loss based on thirst or fluid intake. Mild-to-moderate hy
Magnesium
“Electrolyte” describes a particle that carries an electric charge. In the human body, electrolytes are crucial in supporting optimal hydration. Significant electrolytes for the body are sodium, potassium, chloride, magnesium, calcium, phosphate, and bicarbonate, which can come from foods, fluids, o
Immune Support
Zinc has been referred to as the “gatekeeper of the immune system” for solid reasons. This essential mineral, with its critical roles in over 300 enzymes within the body, has been recognized for its vital function in promoting proper immune health since the 1960s.
Research & Education
Echinacea (Echinacea angustifolia, Echinacea purpurea) is a native plant of North America whose roots and aerial parts have demonstrated immune-promoting properties since 1913. Echinacea has been traditionally used to promote upper respiratory tract health and support proper wound healing. The activ
Immune Support
The oldest recorded medicinal use of mushrooms dates back to around the 1st century BC. Historical records throughout the centuries have shown that mushrooms are a subject of interest to support overall health. Mushrooms provide nutritional value (as a good source of selenium, potassium, riboflavin,
Immune Support
Functional nutrition bars are supplemental bars that provide essential nutrients and potentially offer clinical benefits to various bodily systems. They may promote bone, joint, skin, gut, nail, and immune health and may support athletic performance. Beyond their convenient delivery format and delic
Amino Acids
Taurine is a conditionally essential amino acid that supports overall metabolic health. As the endogenous synthesis of taurine can be relatively low, dietary intake is the primary way to maintain healthy taurine status. However, taurine only occurs naturally in animal-based foods like dairy, eggs, m
Cellular Energy
Magnesium is an essential mineral that serves as an enzyme cofactor for more than 600 reactions in the body, including harnessing energy from carbohydrates. Unfortunately, magnesium (Mg) insufficiency is common in the United States due to the widespread use of demineralized water and soil and the in
Research & Education
Zinc-L-carnosine (ZnC) is a chelated compound containing the dipeptide L-carnosine and the essential trace element zinc. Human trials and animal studies have demonstrated the ability of ZnC to promote gastrointestinal (GI) mucosal barrier function through its demonstrated anti-inflammatory and antio
Amino Acids
It has been shown that L-glutamine, an amino acid, is vital for maintaining a healthy gut barrier function. The health of the gut barrier's mucosal epithelium is critical for proper digestion and absorption of essential nutrients. The mucosal epithelium also serves as a structural and immunological
Amino Acids
Although vitamin U is not technically classified as a vitamin, it is commonly referred to as “vitamin U” due to its potential benefits in promoting a healthy upper gastrointestinal (GI) mucosal lining. Vitamin U is a compound called S-methylmethionine sulfonium (MMS), a derivative of the amino acid